Browse the glossary:

Top Ten terms

1. study participants (subjects*, participants) — 3120 views
   “The people included in a study” … (read more)
2. non-randomized study (non-experimental study, observational study,) — 2554 views
   “A category of studies that does not use random allocation to assign participants to treatment comparison groups” … (read more)
3.   statistically significant — 2502 views
   “A result that is unlikely to have happened by chance. The usual threshold for this judgement is a likelihood of less than 5%” … (read more)
4. fair comparisons of treatments — 2327 views
   “Studies designed, conducted, reported and interpreted to minimize bias and the play of chance in measuring treatment effects” … (read more)
5. research evidence (research findings, research results) — 2320 views
   “The findings of studies, including systematic reviews” … (read more)
6. cost-effectiveness (cost-utility) — 2047 views
   “The cost of a treatment in relation to its effects” … (read more)
7. index test — 2041 views
   “A diagnostic test that is being evaluated against a reference standard test in a study of test accuracy” … (read more)
8. benefit (desirable anticipated effect, desirable effect) — 2033 views
   “Difference in outcomes that favours a treatment in a treatment comparison” … (read more)
9. play of chance (random error) — 2028 views
   “In treatment comparisons, a type of error that may affect the results because too few events or outcomes have been observed to provide a reliable measure of the treatment effects” … (read more)
10. treatment effect (clinical impact, estimate of effect, impact) — 2023 views
    “Changes (increases or decreases) or differences in health outcomes as a result of treatments” … (read more)