Browse the glossary:

Top Ten terms

1. study participants (subjects*, participants) — 144 views
   “The people included in a study” … (read more)
2.   statistically significant — 115 views
   “A result that is unlikely to have happened by chance. The usual threshold for this judgement is a likelihood of less than 5%” … (read more)
3. research evidence (research findings, research results) — 101 views
   “The findings of studies, including systematic reviews” … (read more)
4. non-randomized study (non-experimental study, observational study,) — 97 views
   “A category of studies that does not use random allocation to assign participants to treatment comparison groups” … (read more)
5. benefit (desirable anticipated effect, desirable effect) — 92 views
   “Difference in outcomes that favours a treatment in a treatment comparison” … (read more)
6. cost-effectiveness (cost-utility) — 90 views
   “The cost of a treatment in relation to its effects” … (read more)
7. quality-adjusted life years (QALY) — 90 views
   “A measure of the value of health outcomes that combines the length of life and quality of life into a single number” … (read more)
8. fair comparisons of treatments — 89 views
   “Studies designed, conducted, reported and interpreted to minimize bias and the play of chance in measuring treatment effects” … (read more)
9. spin (interpretation bias) — 88 views
   “Bias resulting from interpreting the results of a study in a way which goes beyond an objective assessment of the evidence.” … (read more)
10. effect estimate (effect size, estimate of effect, point estimate) — 88 views
    “A statistical measure indicating the most likely size of a treatment effect” … (read more)